a, \(m_{HCl}=150.7,3\%=10,95\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)

b, \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

c, Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 3,6 + 150 - 0,15.2 = 153,3 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,15.95}{153,3}.100\%\approx9,3\%\)

a)Khối lượng HCl là:

\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{ddHCl}.C_{\%}}{100\%}=\dfrac{150.7,3\%}{100\%}=10,95\left(g\right)\)

Số mol của HCl là:

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:Mg+2HCl\xrightarrow[]{}MgCl_2+H_2\)

tỉ lệ       :1         2            1              1    (mol) 

số mol :0,15     0,3         0,15         0,15

Khối lượng Magie đã phản ứng là:

\(m_{Mg}=n_{Mg}.M_{mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)

b) Thể tích khí H₂ đã thoát ra là:

\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

c) Khối lượng của chất sau phản ứng là:

\(m_{MgCl_2}=n_{MgCl_2}.M_{MgCl_2}=0,15.95=14,25\left(g\right)\)

Khối lượng khí hiđro thoát ra sau phản ứng là:

\(m_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.M_{H_2}=0,15.2=0.3\left(g\right)\)

Khối lượng dung dịch sau phản ứng là:

\(m_{ddMgCl_2}=m_{Mg}+m_{HCl}-m_{H_2}=150+3,6-0,3=153,3\left(g\right)\)

Nồng độ dung dịch thu được sau phản ứng là:

\(C_{\%MgCl_2}=\dfrac{m_{MgCl_2}}{m_{ddMgCl_2}}.100\%=\dfrac{13,8}{153,3}.100\%=9.3\%\)

a)

\(n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)\\ n_{Mg} = a\ mol; n_{Fe} = b\ mol\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2 \)

Theo PTHH, ta có: 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=5,2\\a+b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)

Suy ra: 

\(\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,1.24}{5,2}.100\% = 46,15\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 46,15\% = 53,85\% \)

b)

\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,15.2 = 0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{1} = 0,3(lít) \)

Đặt : 

nMg = a mol 

nFe= b mol 

mhh = 24a + 56b = 5.2 (g) (1) 

Mg + 2HCl => MgCl2 + H2

Fe + 2HCl => FeCl2 + H2 

nH2 = a + b = 0.15 (2) 

(1) , (2) 

a = 0.1

b = 0.05

%Mg = 2.4/5.2 * 100% = 46.15%

%Fe = 100 - 46.15 = 53.85%

nHCl = 2a + 2b = 0.05 * 2 + 0.1*2 = 0.3 (mol) 

VddHCl = 0.3/1=0.3 (l) 

PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)  (1)

            \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)  (2)

a) Ta có: \(\Sigma n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi số mol của Fe là \(a\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=a\)

Gọi số mol của Mg là b \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=b\)

Ta lập được hệ phương trình:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+24b=5,2\\a+b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,05\cdot56=2,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,1\cdot24=2,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{5,2}\cdot100\%\approx53,85\%\\\%m_{Mg}=46,15\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2n_{Fe}=0,1mol\\n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=2n_{Mg}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,3mol\) \(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{1}=0,3\left(l\right)=300\left(ml\right)\)

a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 24x + 56y = 8 (1)

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 95x + 127y = 22,2 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ x = y = 0,1 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{8}.100\%=30\%\\\%m_{Fe}=70\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+2n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{1}=0,4\left(l\right)\)

\(a,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\\ b,n_{H_2}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\\ c,n_{FeCl_2}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{11,2+100-0,2.2}.100\%\approx 22,93\%\)

a, \(m_{HCl}=150.14,6\%=21,9\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,3.65=19,5\left(g\right)\)

b, \(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

c, Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 19,5 + 150 - 0,3.2 = 168,9 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,3.136}{168,9}.100\%\approx24,16\%\)

a) 

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl₂ + H₂

            0,2-->0,4----->0,2--->0,2

=> V_H2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

b) m_HCl = 0,4.36,5 = 14,6 (g)

=> \(m_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{7,3}=200\left(g\right)\)

c)

m_{dd sau pư} = 13 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 212,6 (g)

m_ZnCl2 = 0,2.136 = 27,2 (g)

=> \(C\%=\dfrac{27,2}{212,6}.100\%=12,8\%\)

Mg+2HCl->MgCl₂+H₂

x------------------------x

Zn+2HCl->ZnCl₂+H₂

y-----------------------y

=>Ta có :\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+65y=15,4\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1mol\\y=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>m _Mg=0,1.24=2,4g

=>m _Zn=0,2.65=13g

b)V_HCl=\(\dfrac{0,1.2+0,2.2}{2}\)=0,3l=300ml

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\) 
           0,1     0,2         0,1           0,1 
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ m_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2.36,5\right).100}{24,5}=29,795\left(g\right)\\ m_{\text{dd}}=5,6+29,795-\left(0,1.2\right)=35,195\left(g\right)\\ C\%=\dfrac{0,1.127}{35,195}.100\%=36\%\)